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To be

Affirmative                           Negative                           Interrogative

Full forms Short forms Full forms Short forms

I am I’m I am not I’m not Am I…?

You are You’re You are not You aren’t Are you…?

He is He’s He is not He isn’t Is he…?

She is She’s She is not She isn’t Is she…?

It is It’s It is not It isn’t Is it…?

We are We’re We are not We aren’t Are we…?

You are You’re You are not You aren’t Are you…?

They are They’re They are not They aren’t Are they…?     

Listen to the script and repeat the pronunciation.

Note: we use “do” as auxiliary verb in the negative and interrogative sentences.

I do not play football.             She doesn’t eat meat.            They don’t know!

Do you live in this house?      Does she speak English?

Use:

We use the present simple tense to

a) Express habits: I get up at 6 o’clock.

b) Express general or permanent states: we live in a flat.

c) Express general truths or scientific facts: wood floats on water.

Remember:  she -does       he – plays        it – works

Dear student, there will be some exercises to be done later. Now, let us study the second content of grammar. Pay attention!

1.3.2: Present Continuous Tense

Form:

Pay attention to the word order. Here are some examples in the three forms.

We use the present continuous tense for actions happening now.

Examples:  

I am learning English at the moment.              Is Ana reading a book?  

 Let’s go out. It isn’t raining now.

Spelling

 a) Verbs that end in -e       make – making     write – writing (remove the e and add -ing).

b) Verbs that end in vowel + consonant         stop – stopping   run – running 

Remember: the verb to be is used as auxiliary verb in the present continuous tense. so, it is important to practice the present simple tense.